Many areas around the world, however, are experiencing much drier weather conditions, as rain-bearing weather systems are now being moved away from these regions. Some regions experience a wetter short-term climate change, with extended periods of precipitation and more extreme weather events. It is these major wind currents that have a profound effect on the weather systems worldwide. ![]() The change in water temperature affects the major wind currents in the upper atmosphere. An increase in extreme weather events is also triggered by the warm waters in the East Pacific.Īs mentioned, El Niño also has a long-term effect on global weather patterns. Southeastern parts of the United States and Mexico also experience higher volumes and longer periods of rainfall due to the same warm and humid ocean waters. Countries like Paraguay, Brazil, Argentina experience more extended periods of intense precipitations. The warm and moist waters along the South and Central American West Coast cause the creation of a much wetter climate in the region. It has an immediate impact on the global climate, but also a longer global effects on weather patterns. If you regularly read other articles about the weather, you will know that the weather is a very complex system, influenced by countless variables that result in weather patterns and conditions on a local and global scale. You can find out more about how warm water triggers these events in this article. (Warm ocean water is responsible for some of the most extreme weather events on the planet. ![]() With the heat largely evened out between the two continents, the warmest waters are now situated near the center of the Pacific Ocean.Īs ocean temperatures are one of the main drivers of weather, the El Niño phenomenon leads to drastic weather changes on a global scale, as you are about to learn. The typical, contrasting warm and cold temperatures between the coastlines of the two continents are greatly diminished. Under normal conditions, the waters along Southeast Asia will be warmer than the much colder waters pushing up along the west coast of South and Central America.ĭuring El Niño years, however, the warm water is now pushed in an easterly direction, canceling the effect that the warm waters off the east coast of Southeast Asia and the cold waters off the west coast of South America would have had under normal conditions. ![]() ![]() Approximately every 3 to 5 years, the strength of the trade winds is substantially diminished or even reversed. What causes these waters to change direction in the first place is a weakening or change in the direction of trade winds. We already established that the El Niño phenomenon is a direct result of warm water being pushed in an easterly direction to accumulate against the northwestern coastline of South America. Needless to say, there are specific factors responsible for triggering this effect. This has a profound effect on the weather. Instead of compounding close to the Southeast Asian coast, as is usually expected, the warm waters flow eastwards around the equator and accumulate near the northwestern coastline of South America. El Niño can be summarized as a series of unusual weather patterns and events that are caused by the warm waters of the Pacific Ocean that deviate away from its normal flow.
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